Cora Ratto De Sadosky

Corina (Cora) Eloísa Ratto de Sadosky (aka Cora Ratto, 1912–1981) was an Argentine mathematician, educator and militant activist in support of human and women's rights in Argentina and beyond. She played an important part in the Argentine University Federation supporting republican interests during the Spanish Civil War and helping victims of Falangist oppression. In 1941, following the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union, she established and headed the anti-fascist Junta de la Victoria which stood for democracy and women's suffrage. In 1965, Ratto founded ''Columna 10'', a journal denouncing the conduct of the United States in the Vietnam War. In the 1970s, she published a series of important mathematics text books.

Biography

Born in Buenos Aires on 3 January 1912, Corina (Cora) Eloísa Ratto was the daughter of Livio Benito Ratto and Francisca Butta. Brought up in a middle-class family of Italian origin, in the 1930s she graduated in mathematics from the University of Buenos Aires. After Juan Perón had been overthrown, she was able to complete her doctorate under Mischa Cotlar in 1959 with her thesis ''Conditions of Continuity of Generalized Potential Operators with Hyperbolic Metric''.

While a student in the 1930s, she played a major role in the Argentine student organization Federación Universitaria Argentina. She supported republican interests during the Spanish Civil War and helped victims of Falangist oppression. She denounced the Chaco War (1914–2005) with whom she had one child, Cora Sadosky (1940–2010), who also became a prominent mathematician and was president of the Association for Women in Mathematics in the mid-1990s.

After the Nazis invaded the Soviet Union in World War II, in the early 1940s Ratto established and headed the women's organization La Junta de la Victoria (The Victory Union) to promote democracy and provide support for the anti-Nazi war effort, including clothing and food for the Allies. By 1945, it had some 50,000 members, making it the first significant women's organization in South America. The organization also served to encourage its members to fight for votes for women.

After the war, the family moved to Europe where Ratto and her husband furthered their studies in France and Italy. Thereafter they returned to Argentina which was in political turmoil. Ratto worked in a commercial firm to sustain the family. Only in 1956, when the universities regained independence, did the couple take up positions at the University of Buenos Aires.

In 1965, Ratto founded ''Columna 10'', a journal denouncing the conduct of the United States in the Vietnam War. In the 1970s, she published a series of important mathematics text books in Spanish, including ''Introducción al álgebra: nociones de álgebra lineal'' (together with Misha Coltar) and ''Material formativo para docentes de matemática del nivel secundario''.

Threatened by the anti-communist organization Alianza Anticomunista Argentina, Ratto left Argentina in 1974, first moving to Venezuela, then to Spain. She died in Barcelona on 2 January 1981.

On 6 November 2020, a satellite named after her ( ÑuSat 11 or "Cora", COSPAR 2020-079C) was launched into space.

Selected publications

* Mischa Cotlar, Cora Ratto de Sadosky, ''Introduction to algebra: notions of linear algebra''. (1962). Editorial Universitaria de Buenos Aires, ed.
* Archimedes, Cora Ratto de Sadosky, ''El método'' (in Spanish) (1966). Buenos Aires: Eudeba.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ratto de Sadosky, Cora
1912 births
1981 deaths
People from Buenos Aires
20th-century Argentine mathematicians
Argentine women mathematicians
Argentine human rights activists
Women human rights activists
Argentine women's rights activists
University of Buenos Aires alumni